Noble’s Test, also known as Noble’s Compression Test, is used to reproduce lateral knee symptoms associated with iliotibial band-related pain. A positive test may include familiar pain near the lateral femoral epicondyle during knee flexion and extension while compression is applied. High-quality di...

McMurray’s Test assesses meniscal symptom reproduction during knee flexion, extension and tibial rotation. A positive test may include familiar joint-line pain, clicking, catching or a palpable clunk. Diagnostic accuracy varies, so McMurray’s Test should be interpreted with history, joint-line tende...

The Ely Test assesses rectus femoris flexibility and anterior thigh tension during passive knee flexion. A positive result may suggest reduced quadriceps flexibility or anterior thigh tightness but does not identify the exact source of restriction on its own.

Introduction

Reduced quadriceps flexib...

Ege’s Test assesses meniscal symptom provocation during loaded squatting with tibial rotation. A positive result may suggest meniscal irritation but does not confirm a meniscus tear on its own.

Introduction

Meniscal symptoms commonly appear during twisting, squatting and loaded rotational movement...

The Moving Patellar Apprehension Test assesses apprehension during controlled lateral patellar translation while the knee moves through flexion and extension. A positive result may increase suspicion of lateral patellar instability, especially when it reproduces the client’s familiar instability sen...

The Lever Sign Test assesses whether the heel lifts when a downward force is applied to the distal quadriceps region with the fist under the proximal calf. A positive test may occur when the heel does not lift, suggesting possible ACL involvement. Recent evidence suggests the Lever Sign Test may be ...

The Lachman Test assesses anterior tibial translation with the knee in slight flexion and is commonly used when ACL injury is suspected. A positive test may include increased anterior translation or a soft end-feel compared with the other side. Recent systematic reviews suggest the Lachman Test rema...

The Muller Test is used to assess medial knee response to valgus stress. A positive result may include medial knee pain, increased joint opening, altered end-feel or apprehension compared with the other side. Diagnostic accuracy values for the named Muller Test are limited, so it should be interpret...

Apley’s Test assesses knee pain and symptom response during tibial compression and rotation. It may help identify meniscal irritation but does not confirm meniscal injury on its own.

Introduction

Twisting knee pain, locking sensations and joint-line discomfort are common in sport and training sett...

The Dial Test assesses external tibial rotation to help evaluate possible posterolateral corner involvement and rotational knee instability. A positive result may increase suspicion of PLC-related laxity but does not confirm structural injury on its own.

Introduction

Rotational knee instability ca...

The Anterior Drawer Test assesses anterior tibial movement relative to the femur to help evaluate ACL-related knee instability. A positive result may increase suspicion of ACL involvement but does not confirm ACL injury on its own.

Introduction

Knee instability after twisting, pivoting or landing ...

The Windlass Test assesses plantar fascia tension sensitivity by extending the big toe and observing heel or arch pain reproduction. A positive result may suggest plantar fascia irritation but does not confirm plantar fasciitis on its own.

Introduction

Heel and arch pain are common in running, jum...