The Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale is an 8-item patient-reported outcome measure used to assess knee symptoms and functional limitations. It is commonly used in knee ligament, meniscal and other knee injury contexts. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better perceived knee functio...
The Foot & Ankle Disability Index, or FADI, is a patient-reported outcome measure used to assess foot and ankle function, pain and activity limitation. It can help monitor how a client’s foot or ankle problem affects daily activity and sport, but it does not diagnose a condition, confirm injury or c...
The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, or FAOS, is a 42-item patient-reported outcome measure used to assess foot- and ankle-related pain, symptoms, daily function, sport and recreation function, and quality of life. It helps professionals track how a client perceives their foot or ankle problem over tim...
The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, or TSK, is a patient-reported questionnaire used to assess fear of movement, fear of pain or concern about re-injury. Common versions include the original 17-item TSK and the shorter 11-item TSK-11. Higher scores indicate greater fear of movement-related pain or re...
The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, or PSEQ, is a 10-item patient-reported outcome measure used to assess how confident a client feels performing activities despite pain. Each item is scored from 0 to 6, giving a total score from 0 to 60. Higher scores indicate greater pain self-efficacy. The PSEQ...
The Ă–rebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire, or Ă–MPSQ, is a patient-reported screening tool used to identify psychosocial, functional and work-related risk factors that may be associated with persistent pain, disability or work absence. Higher scores indicate greater risk, but the Ă–rebro...
The Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, or FABQ, is a 16-item patient-reported outcome measure used to assess beliefs about how physical activity and work may affect pain, most commonly in low back pain populations. It includes Physical Activity and Work subscales. Higher scores suggest stronger f...
The Allen Test and Modified Allen Test assess visible hand reperfusion after temporary occlusion of radial and ulnar arterial flow. They are used as screening tools for hand collateral circulation, especially before procedures involving the radial artery. However, literature has questioned whether A...
Phalen’s Test assesses whether sustained wrist flexion reproduces median nerve distribution symptoms. It is commonly used in suspected carpal tunnel syndrome, but diagnostic accuracy varies between studies. A 2020 study of provocative tests using electrodiagnostic testing as the reference standard f...
The Scaphoid Shift Test, also called the Watson Test, assesses dynamic scaphoid movement during wrist deviation while the examiner applies pressure to the scaphoid tubercle. A positive finding may include familiar pain, clunking, subluxation sensation or apprehension. Scapholunate ligament lesions a...
The scapholunate ligament is a key wrist stabiliser between the scaphoid and lunate. Injury can contribute to radial wrist pain, clicking, grip weakness and dynamic instability, especially after a fall or loaded wrist extension injury. Recent research highlights that scapholunate ligament lesion dia...
The Finkelstein Test assesses whether a controlled thumb and wrist manoeuvre reproduces familiar radial wrist pain near the first dorsal compartment. It is commonly used in suspected de Quervain’s tenosynovitis. Current clinical discussion highlights that Finkelstein and Eichhoff-style tests are oft...
