The Hara test is a functional assessment tool used to identify abnormalities in the kinetic chain of the upper extremity. It involves evaluating the coordination and movement patterns of the shoulder, scapula, and arm during a specific movement. Here is a step-by-step procedure for performing the...

The Empty Can Test is a physical examination technique used to assess the function of the supraspinatus muscle and supraspinatus tendon in the shoulder. It is primarily used to identify lesions or tears in these structures.

Procedure:

1. Ask the patient to stand with their arms at their sides.
2. ...

Codman's Test, also known as the Drop Arm Test, is a physical examination maneuver used to assess a suspected rotator cuff tear. It is used to evaluate the integrity of the supraspinatus tendon and muscle, which is commonly injured in rotator cuff tears.

Here are the steps to perform the Codman's...

The Biceps Load II test is a clinical exam that is used to detect Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior (SLAP) lesions in the shoulder. Here are the steps to perform the test:

1. The patient lies on their back on an examination table with their arm abducted to 90 degrees and elbow flexed to 90...

The drop arm test is a physical examination maneuver used to assess for full-thickness rotator cuff tears. It is performed by asking the patient to actively lift their arm to shoulder level, then slowly lower it back down to their side. If the patient is unable to smoothly lower their arm or...

The Crank Test is a physical examination maneuver used to detect glenoid labral tears in the shoulder joint.

Here are the steps to perform the Crank Test:

1. The patient lies supine on the examination table.
2. The examiner abducts the patient's arm to 160 degrees and flexes the elbow to 90 degrees.
3. ...

The Anterior Drawer Test of the Shoulder is a physical exam technique used to assess for anterior shoulder instability. Here is a step-by-step procedure for performing the test:

1. Have the patient sit or lie supine on an examination table with their shoulder relaxed and in a neutral position.
2. ...

The Belly Press Test is a clinical examination maneuver used to assess subscapularis muscle function and isolate its activity from other muscles of the rotator cuff. It is particularly useful in cases where there is suspected subscapularis muscle weakness or tear.

Procedure:

1. Ask the patient to...

The Bear Hug Test is a physical examination maneuver used to evaluate the integrity and function of the subscapularis muscle, which is one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff in the shoulder. Here is a brief description of the test:

1. Have the patient stand upright with their arms at their...

The Arm Squeeze Test is a physical exam technique used to help differentiate between cervical nerve root compression and shoulder pathology. It is also known as Spurling's Test or the Cervical Compression Test. Here is a brief description of the test:

1. Have the patient sit upright with their arms...

The Apprehension Test is a physical exam technique used to assess for glenohumeral joint instability, specifically anterior instability. Here is a step-by-step procedure for performing the test:

1. Have the patient lie supine on an examination table with their affected arm in 90 degrees of...

The Transverse Ligament Stress Test is a medical examination used to assess hypermobility of the atlantoaxial articulation, which is the joint between the first two vertebrae of the neck. It is often used in patients with conditions that may affect the stability of the atlantoaxial joint, such as...