The Upper Limb Rotation Test, or ULRT, is an upper-limb physical performance test designed to assess shoulder control and stability during a combined trunk and upper-limb rotation task.

It is especially relevant to overhead athletes because it includes weight-bearing through the upper limb, trunk r...

The Seated Shot Put Test measures how far a client can push or “put” a weighted ball from a seated position.

It may be performed bilaterally or unilaterally, although the single-arm version is especially useful when comparing left and right upper-limb performance. The result should be interpreted w...

A client may walk safely at a comfortable pace but still struggle when asked to move quickly.

Fast-paced walking can provide useful information about functional capacity, confidence, lower-limb symptoms, balance, endurance and the ability to increase walking speed when needed. In daily life, this m...

A client may be able to roll or sit up from bed but still struggle to move all the way from lying to standing safely.

This task requires more than one physical quality. It can involve rolling, trunk control, upper-limb support, hip and knee movement, balance, coordination, confidence and lower-limb...

A client may be able to roll in bed but still struggle to sit up safely from lying.

Supine to sit is a key transition for daily function. It is needed before standing, transferring, dressing, getting out of bed, completing morning routines and participating in many self-care tasks. Difficulty with ...

A client may be able to walk or stand but still struggle to roll safely in bed.

Rolling is used during sleep positioning, dressing, hygiene, pressure relief, getting ready to sit up and repositioning in bed. A client who cannot roll efficiently may need more assistance, use more effort, experience ...

A client may report difficulty reaching overhead, reduced streamline position in swimming, stiffness during overhead lifting, discomfort with shoulder flexion, or a feeling that both shoulders do not move evenly.

The Combined Elevation Test gives a simple way to assess overhead movement as an integ...

A client may report difficulty reaching overhead, reduced comfort in swimming streamline positions, asymmetry during throwing, discomfort in overhead lifting, or a side-to-side difference after a period of reduced loading, pain or training interruption.

The Single Arm Combined Elevation Test gives ...

A client may report difficulty moving the jaw forward, jaw stiffness, clicking, discomfort chewing, symptoms with biting, or a feeling that the jaw does not move evenly.

The TMJ Translation Test gives a simple way to quantify forward jaw movement. It does not explain the cause of reduced translatio...

A client may report difficulty opening the mouth, jaw stiffness, clicking, discomfort chewing, symptoms with yawning, or a change in jaw movement after a flare-up or period of guarding.

The TMJ Depression Test gives a simple way to quantify jaw opening. It does not explain the cause of reduced open...

A client may report headache symptoms, upper neck stiffness, reduced ability to rotate the head, or a clear side-to-side difference when turning the head. Another client may show limited upper cervical movement after a period of neck symptoms, guarding or reduced activity.

The Neck Flexion Rotation...

A client may report difficulty squatting, sitting comfortably, rotating through the hip, changing direction, or moving into sport-specific positions. Another client may show a clear difference between left and right hip rotation after a period of pain, reduced loading or training interruption.

The ...