The Prone Instability Test is a lumbar spine special test used to compare symptom response during passive lumbar posterior-anterior pressure with and without active muscular support. It is commonly used to support assessment reasoning around lumbar instability-type presentations and possible respons...
The Pheasant Test is a lumbar spine special test used to provoke symptoms in a prone lumbar extension/stress position. It is commonly described in lumbar instability assessment resources and is sometimes linked or confused with the Prone Instability Test. In this article, it is treated as a separate...
Kemp’s Test, also called the lumbar quadrant test or extension-rotation test, is a lumbar spine special test that combines extension, rotation and side flexion to provoke symptoms. It is commonly used to support assessment reasoning around lumbar facet-region pain, foraminal narrowing, extension-sen...
The Scour Test, also known as the hip quadrant test, is a passive hip provocation test that applies axial compression through the femur while moving the hip through combined movement arcs. It is commonly used to support assessment reasoning around intra-articular hip involvement, including labral, c...
The Log Roll Test is a passive hip special test performed with the client lying supine while the professional gently rolls the relaxed lower limb into internal and external rotation. It is commonly used to support assessment reasoning around intra-articular hip irritation, capsular laxity, hip insta...
The Fitzgerald Test is a hip special test used to provoke symptoms associated with anterior or posterior acetabular labral involvement. It uses combined hip movements to move the femoral head and neck through positions that may stress the acetabular labrum.
A positive finding may include reproducti...
The FABER Test, also called Patrick’s Test, places the hip into flexion, abduction and external rotation. It is used to assess symptom response, movement restriction and possible contribution from the hip, groin, sacroiliac joint or surrounding pelvic region.
A positive test may include familiar pa...
The Varus Stress Test is a knee special test used to assess lateral knee response when a varus force is applied to the tibiofemoral joint. It is most commonly used to support assessment reasoning around lateral collateral ligament involvement and, in some cases, broader posterolateral corner involve...
The Valgus Stress Test is a knee special test used to assess medial knee response when a valgus force is applied to the tibiofemoral joint. It is most commonly used to support assessment reasoning around medial collateral ligament involvement after a valgus or rotational knee injury.
A positive fin...
The Supination Resistance Test estimates how much external force is required to initiate supination of the foot while the client stands in weight-bearing. It is commonly used in foot and ankle biomechanics to help understand how easily or difficultly the foot can be moved into a more supinated posit...
Jack’s Test, also called the Hubscher manoeuvre, is a weight-bearing foot assessment used to observe how the medial longitudinal arch responds when the hallux is passively dorsiflexed. The test is commonly used to support assessment reasoning around the windlass mechanism, first metatarsophalangeal ...
Lateral epicondylitis — often referred to as tennis elbow — is a common overuse presentation involving the tendinous structures on the outer elbow. For practitioners working in sport, fitness, or musculoskeletal settings, Cozen’s Test remains a quick and practical way to screen for lateral elbow sen...
