Bakody Sign, also called the Shoulder Abduction Relief Test, assesses whether placing the symptomatic arm on top of the head reduces familiar arm symptoms. Unlike many orthopaedic tests, a positive finding is usually symptom relief rather than symptom reproduction. Relief of arm pain, paraesthesia o...

Wright Test, also known as the Hyperabduction Test, is a thoracic outlet provocation test used to observe whether shoulder abduction or hyperabduction reproduces familiar upper-limb symptoms or vascular-type changes. It is commonly associated with assessment of the retropectoralis minor or subcoraco...

Adson’s Test is a thoracic outlet provocation test used to observe whether a specific neck, shoulder and breathing position reproduces familiar upper-limb symptoms or produces a concerning vascular response. A positive test may include reproduction of familiar arm symptoms, paraesthesia, heaviness, ...

The Eden Test, also known as the Costoclavicular Test or Military Brace Test, is a thoracic outlet provocation test used to observe whether shoulder girdle positioning reproduces familiar upper-limb symptoms. It is commonly used to stress the costoclavicular space between the clavicle and first rib....

The Roos Stress Test, also known as the Elevated Arm Stress Test or EAST, is a thoracic outlet provocation test where the client holds the arms elevated and repeatedly opens and closes the hands for up to three minutes. A positive test may include reproduction of familiar upper-limb symptoms, paraes...

The Halstead Test, sometimes referred to as the reverse Adson manoeuvre, is a thoracic outlet symptom provocation test. It usually combines downward traction or depression of the shoulder girdle with cervical positioning while monitoring upper-limb symptoms and, in some protocols, radial pulse respo...

The Sacroiliac Compression Test is a side-lying pain provocation test used to assess whether compression through the pelvis reproduces familiar sacroiliac-region symptoms. A positive test may increase suspicion that the sacroiliac region is relevant when the symptom is familiar and other SIJ provoca...

The Seated Flexion Test is a palpatory movement assessment used to observe relative movement of the posterior superior iliac spines during forward flexion in sitting. It is often used in sacroiliac-region assessment because sitting reduces the influence of the lower limbs compared with standing. A p...

The Standing Flexion Test is a palpatory movement assessment used to observe relative movement of the posterior superior iliac spines during standing forward flexion. It is often taught as a sacroiliac mobility test, but current evidence suggests important limitations in reliability, validity and cl...

Yeoman’s Test is a prone pain provocation test commonly used in sacroiliac-region assessment. It combines hip extension with pelvic or sacral stabilisation to load the anterior pelvis, anterior hip region and sacroiliac-region tissues. A positive test is reproduction of the client’s familiar posteri...

The Stork Test, also commonly referred to as the Gillet Test in sacroiliac assessment, is a standing palpatory movement test used to observe relative motion of the posterior superior iliac spine during single-leg hip flexion. The professional palpates the PSIS and sacral base while the client lifts ...

The Sacral Thrust Test is a prone sacroiliac-region pain provocation test. It applies an anterior force through the sacrum to observe whether the client’s familiar posterior pelvic, buttock or sacroiliac-region symptoms are reproduced. A positive test may increase suspicion that the sacroiliac regio...