Spine Orthopaedic Test: Standing Flexion Test

Standing Flexion Test is a physical examination test used to evaluate the presence of sacroiliac joint dysfunction or pain. The test assesses the movement and position of the posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS), which are bony prominences located at the back of the pelvis.

Procedure:

1. Position the patient standing with feet shoulder-width apart and facing forward.
2. Instruct the patient to bend forward as far as possible while keeping their knees straight and arms hanging down.
3. Observe the patient's spine and back for any asymmetry or deviation from the midline, such as a lateral shift or rotation.
4. Palpate the posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS) to determine any difference in height or position between the two PSIS.
5. Repeat the test on the opposite side.

References:

1. Laslett M, Young SB, Aprill CN, McDonald B. Diagnosing painful sacroiliac joints: A validity study of a McKenzie evaluation and sacroiliac provocation tests. Aust J Physiother. 2003;49(2):89-97. doi: 10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60281-9.
2. De Groot M, Pool-Goudzwaard AL, Spoor CW, Snijders CJ. The active straight leg raising test (ASLR) in pregnant women: differences in muscle activity and force between patients and healthy subjects. Man Ther. 2008;13(1):68-74. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2006.11.007.
3. Mens JMA, Vleeming A, Snijders CJ, Koes BW, Stam HJ. Reliability and validity of the active straight leg raise test in posterior pelvic pain since pregnancy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001;26(10):1167-1171. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200105150-00015.