Peroneus Longus and Brevis Tests assess pain, strength and control during resisted eversion, plantarflexion-eversion and dorsiflexion-eversion patterns. They may help identify peroneal tendon involvement in clients with lateral ankle pain, snapping, weakness or instability symptoms. Peroneal tendon ...

Kleiger’s Test, also called the external rotation stress test, assesses pain response when the foot is externally rotated relative to the lower leg. Pain may suggest syndesmosis involvement, deltoid ligament involvement or other ankle injury depending on symptom location. A 2021 systematic review of...

The Ankle Impingement Sign assesses whether ankle dorsiflexion reproduces familiar anterior ankle pain, often around the anteromedial or anterolateral joint line. Anterior ankle impingement is described as a pain syndrome related to soft tissue or bony impingement, commonly associated with chronic a...

The Eversion Stress Test assesses medial ankle pain, laxity or apprehension when an eversion force is applied to the ankle. It is commonly used when deltoid ligament involvement or medial ankle sprain is suspected. Current ankle ligament test evidence is stronger for lateral ligament and syndesmosis...

The Anterior Drawer of the Ankle assesses anterior translation of the talus relative to the tibia and fibula, commonly to help assess anterior talofibular ligament involvement after lateral ankle sprain. A positive finding may include increased anterior translation, a soft endpoint, apprehension or ...