Hip Outcome Measurements: Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS)

The Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) is a patient-reported outcome measure used to assess hip and groin-related problems in individuals who engage in physical activity. It is designed to evaluate a patient's level of pain, function, and quality of life related to hip and groin symptoms. The HAGOS questionnaire consists of 37 items that cover six different domains: pain, symptoms, physical function, sports and recreational activities, participation in physical activities, and quality of life. Each item is scored on a scale of 0 to 4, with a higher score indicating better hip and groin function. The total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better hip and groin function.

The HAGOS is appropriate for use in individuals who engage in physical activity and have hip and groin problems, such as femoroacetabular impingement, hip dysplasia, and adductor-related groin pain. It can also be used to assess the effectiveness of interventions, such as physical therapy, rehabilitation, or surgery, in improving hip and groin function.

The HAGOS questionnaire produces a total score between 0 and 100, with a higher score indicating better hip and groin function. The interpretation of HAGOS scores can be based on the following categories:

• 0-24: Very poor
• 25-49: Poor
• 50-74: Fair
• 75-99: Good
• 100: Excellent

There is no specific cutoff for what is considered a "normal" HAGOS score, as it can vary based on the individual patient population and their level of physical activity. However, in general, a score of 75 or higher can be considered a good or excellent outcome, while a score below 50 indicates poor hip and groin function.

References:

1. Thorborg K, Branci S, Holmich P. The Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS): development and validation according to the COSMIN checklist. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45(6):478-491.
2. Naal FD, Miozzari HH, Kelly BT, Magennis EM, Leunig M. The Hip Sports Activity Scale (HSAS) for patients with femoroacetabular impingement. Hip Int. 2013;23(2):204-211.
3. Gremion G, Knutsen AR, Engebretsen L, et al. Inter- and intraobserver reliability of the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2015;23(7):2146-2150.