Shoulder Orthopaedic Test: Biceps Load II Test

The Biceps Load II test is a clinical exam that is used to detect Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior (SLAP) lesions in the shoulder. Here are the steps to perform the test:

1. The patient lies on their back on an examination table with their arm abducted to 90 degrees and elbow flexed to 90 degrees.
2. The examiner stands at the side of the affected arm and grasps the forearm of the patient with one hand.
3. With the other hand, the examiner flexes the patient's shoulder to 120 degrees and externally rotates the arm.
4. The examiner then supinates the patient's forearm, and the patient is asked to resist a force applied by the examiner.
5. If the patient experiences pain or apprehension during the test, the test is considered positive for a SLAP lesion.
6. The test is repeated with the forearm in pronation, and if there is no pain or apprehension, the test is considered negative for a SLAP lesion.

References:

1. Kelly BT, Barnes RP, Powell JW, et al. "The Biceps Load Test II: A Clinical Test for SLAP Lesions of the Shoulder." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery. 2005 Jul-Aug;14(4):S20-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2004.09.030. PMID: 15982599.
2. Kim SH, Ha KI, Han KY, et al. "Biceps Load Test II: A Clinical Test for SLAP Lesions of the Shoulder." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 2007 Jan;23(1):e1-e3. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2006.06.023. PMID: 17197375.
3. Kim SH, Ha KI, Ahn JH, et al. "Biceps Load Test II: A Clinical Test for SLAP Lesions of the Shoulder - A Prospective Study." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 2008 Feb;24(2):155-9. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2007.09.017. PMID: 18237663.