Shoulder Orthopaedic Test: Passive Compression Test
Jun 11, 2023The Passive Compression Test is a provocation test used to determine if there is a Superior Labral Anterior Posterior (SLAP) labral injury.
The passive compression test is performed as follows:
- The test is performed with the patient in the side lying position on the unaffected side.
- The examiner places the arm in 30 degrees of Abduction and then passively externally rotates the arm while pushing it proximally and extending the shoulder.
- This results in compression of the superior labrum onto the glenoid. The patient is advised to remain relaxed during this maneuver.
- A positive test result is indicated by eliciting pain or a painful click in the glenohumeral joint
Further diagnostic testing, such as an MRI or arthroscopy, may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and identify the specific type of labral tear.
References:
- O'Brien SJ, Pagnani MJ, Fealy S, McGlynn SR, Wilson JB. The active compression test: a new and effective test for diagnosing labral tears and acromioclavicular joint abnormality. Am J Sports Med. 1998;26(5):610-613. doi:10.1177/03635465980260050401
- Andrews JR, Carson WG Jr, McLeod WD. Glenoid labrum tears related to the long head of the biceps. Am J Sports Med. 1985;13(5):337-341. doi:10.1177/036354658501300504
- Maffet MW, Gartsman GM, Moseley B. Superior labrum-biceps tendon complex lesions of the shoulder. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(1):93-98. doi:10.1177/036354659502300119
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