Hip Orthopaedic Test: Fulcrum Test

The Fulcrum test is a physical examination technique used to assess for hip joint pathology, such as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) or labral tears. Here are the steps to perform the Fulcrum test:

1. Have the patient lie down on their back on the examination table with their legs straight.
2. Place a firm object, such as a foam roll or towel, under the patient's affected hip.
3. Flex the patient's affected hip to 90 degrees and internally rotate the hip.
4. Apply a downward force on the patient's knee, pushing it towards the examination table.
5. Observe the patient's face for any signs of pain or discomfort, and note any limitations in range of motion or joint mobility.

If the patient experiences pain or discomfort in the hip joint during the test, this may indicate hip joint pathology such as FAI or labral tears. However, it is important to note that the Fulcrum test should be used in conjunction with other examination techniques and diagnostic tests to accurately diagnose hip injuries.

References:

• Martin, R. L., Enseki, K. R., Draovitch, P., Trapuzzano, T., & Philippon, M. J. (2008). Acetabular labral tears of the hip: examination and diagnostic challenges. Journal of orthopaedic &